What to listen for
F and D are the usual stand-ins — "free" for "three", "dis" for "this". Watch for the tongue actually appearing between the teeth; children frequently produce a close-enough sound with the tongue behind the teeth that passes casual listening but is not the target.
Common TH errors
- Substituting /F/ for voiceless /TH/ (e.g., "fink" for "think")
- Substituting /D/ for voiced /TH/ (e.g., "dis" for "this")
- Substituting /V/ for voiced /TH/ (e.g., "vat" for "that")
- Substituting /T/ for voiceless /TH/ (e.g., "tink" for "think")
- Not sticking the tongue out far enough between the teeth
How to run TH practice
Short and frequent beats long and occasional. Five to ten minutes on most days produces more correct TH productions over a fortnight than one long weekend session, and it is far easier to sustain.
Work in one position at a time. Get TH reliable at the beginning of words before moving to the middle and at the end — mixing all three from the start usually slows everything down.
Keep correction light. Model the word correctly and move on rather than asking for a repeat every time; a child who feels tested talks less, and less talking is the opposite of what TH practice needs.
Tips for the TH sound
- Show your child how to stick their tongue tip out between their teeth using a mirror. They should be able to see the tongue tip.
- Use the cue "bite your tongue gently" — have your child place their tongue between their teeth and gently bite down before blowing air.
- Practice the difference between /TH/ and /F/ by comparing tongue placement: tongue between teeth for /TH/, teeth on lower lip for /F/.
- For the voiced /TH/, have your child place a hand on their throat to feel the vibration, distinguishing it from the voiceless version.
- Start with the voiceless /TH/ ("think") as it is typically easier, then move to the voiced /TH/ ("the").
- Use a feather or tissue in front of the mouth — the airflow for /TH/ should make it flutter gently.
- Read books together and have your child practice /TH/ words as they appear naturally in the story.